Kinkhoest, also known as pertussis, is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. It is characterized by severe coughing spells that can last for weeks or even months.
Who is most susceptible to kinkhoest?
Kinkhoest can infect people of all ages, but it is most serious for infants and young children. This is because their immune systems are not yet fully developed.
How is kinkhoest spread?
Kinkhoest is spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The bacteria can travel up to three feet and can be inhaled by others. Kinkhoest is most contagious during the first few weeks of infection, even before coughing starts.
What are the symptoms of kinkhoest?
The symptoms of kinkhoest can vary depending on the age of the person infected.
In infants:
- Runny nose
- Low-grade fever
- Apnea (brief pauses in breathing)
- Coughing that may cause choking or vomiting
In older children and adults:
- Runny nose
- Low-grade fever
- Dry cough that worsens at night, often lasting for weeks or months
How is kinkhoest diagnosed?
Kinkhoest is usually diagnosed by a doctor based on the patient’s symptoms and medical history. A nasal swab test may also be done to confirm the diagnosis.
How is kinkhoest treated?
There is no cure for kinkhoest, but antibiotics can help shorten the duration of the illness and prevent the spread of the infection to others. People with kinkhoest also need to rest and drink plenty of fluids.
How can kinkhoest be prevented?
The best way to prevent kinkhoest is to get vaccinated. The DTaP vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. Children should receive five doses of the DTaP vaccine between the ages of 2 months and 6 years.
Complications of kinkhoest
Kinkhoest can lead to serious complications, especially in infants. These complications can include:
- Pneumonia
- Seizures
- Brain damage
- Death
If you think you or someone you know may have kinkhoest, it is important to see a doctor right away. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent serious complications.